The Elephant and the Bee and Other Real Life
Stories

We know how valuable bees are. There’s no
food security without them, as the film Silence of the Bees tells us. It takes
a look at what’s at stake if honeybees disappear. Now we hear of innovative
beehive fences which have helped a community in Kenya to successfully protect
crops from elephants.

By Ella Davies , Reporter, BBC Nature (15
July 2011):

Farmers maintain the valuable hives

Innovative beehive fences have helped a
community in Kenya to successfully protect crops from elephants, according to
research.

Scientists found the hives to be a very
effective barrier; elephants turned away from them in 97% of their attempted
raids.

Conservationists suggest that elephants’
natural fear of bees could settle ongoing conflicts.

The hives’ honey also produced additional
profits for farmers.

Elephants and farmers compete for limited
resources Over the past 20 years, elephant numbers in Kenya have grown to
around 7,500 and the population boost is widely heralded as a conservation
success story.

However, conflict between elephants and
humans, especially farmers, is an ongoing problem.

Elephants frequently “raid” farms
searching for food such as ripe tomatoes, potatoes and maize.

To protect their livelihoods, some farmers
have resorted to extreme measures including poisoning and shooting elephants.

The honey production and consequent income
has really incentivised the farmers to maintain the fences”

Previous research into natural deterrents
showed that elephants avoided African honey bees.

In 2009, experts from the University of
Oxford, UK, and the charity Save the Elephants set up a trial project to test
whether beehives could prevent conflict on farmland boundaries.

After two years of observations, the full
results of the trial have now been published in the African Journal of Ecology.

“Finding a way to use live beehives was
the next logical step in finding a socially and ecologically sensitive way of
taking advantage of elephants’ natural avoidance behaviour to bees to protect
farmers’ crops,” said Dr Lucy King, the University of Oxford biologist who
led the study.

“It was very exciting to see that our
theoretical work has been converted into a practical application,” she
said.

AFRICAN BEE FACTS

Bees cannot sting through elephant hide, but
they can and do sting around elephants’ eyes and inside trunks

The bees in Kenya (Apis mellifera scutellata)
are small with short tongues and swarm frequently

African honey bees were crossed with European
honey bees in South America and are known as “killer bees” because of
their increased aggression

Find out more about African elephants

In 32 attempted raids over three crop
seasons, only one bull elephant managed to penetrate the novel defences.

The beehives were suspended on wires between
posts with a flat thatched roof above to protect from the sun in the
traditional Kenyan style.

The team created a boundaries for 17 farms,
incorporating 170 beehives into 1,700m of fencing.

“The interlinked beehive fences not only
stopped elephants from raiding our study farms but the farmers profited from
selling honey to supplement their low incomes,” Dr King explained.

“The honey production and consequent
income has really incentivised the farmers to maintain the fences.”

Conservationists now hope to roll out the
scheme to other farming communities.

Source: www.bbc.co.uk

Silence of the Bees

Introduction

In the winter of 2006, a strange phenomenon
fell upon honeybee hives across the US. Without a trace, millions of bees
vanished from their hives. A precious pollinator of fruits and vegetables, the
disappearing bees left billions of dollars of crops at risk and threatened our
food supply. The epidemic set researchers scrambling to discover why honeybees
were dying in record numbers — and to stop the epidemic in its tracks before it
spread further.

Silence of the Bees is the first in-depth
look at the search to uncover what is killing the honeybee. The filmmakers of
Bees take viewers around the world to the sites of fallen hives, to high-tech
labs, where scientists race to uncover clues, and even deep inside honeybee
colonies.

Silence of the Bees is the story of a
riveting, ongoing investigation to save honeybees from dying out. The film goes
beyond the unsolved mystery to tell the story of the honeybee itself, its
invaluable impact on our diets and takes a look at what’s at stake if honeybees
disappear. Silence of the Bees explores the complex world of the honeybee in
crisis and instills in viewers a sense of urgency to learn ways to help these
extraordinary animals.

Silence of the Bees premiered on PBS October
28, 2007.

Exclusive Podcast: In this podcast,
scientists and bee experts featured in the program discuss the crucial role
that honeybees, a “keystone species,” play in our economy and ecosystems, as
well as bees’ fascinating social organization and what we can do to reverse the
decline of nature’s pollinators.

Source: www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/episodes/silence-of-the-bees/introduction/38/

Building Cities for Liveability &
Sustainability

The United Nations expects 16 out of 27 megacities
in the world to be in Asia. The world’s population is currently more than 6.8
billion, and will exceed 9 billion by 2050, according to UN estimates. With a
central theme of “Building Liveable Cities of the Future through Green Design
and Good Governance”, the 3rd Annual Sustainable Cities event aims to explore
how good design and planning can improve city management, drive economic
growth, promote sustainable development and deliver a better quality of life.
Special Offer for Sustain Ability Showcase Asia Members and abc carbon express
readers: Quote the VIP Code: P10445SAS10 to enjoy a 10% discount off the
published rates.

3RD ANNUAL SUSTAINABLE CITIES

27 – 30 September 2011, Pan Pacific Hotel,
Singapore

Asia’s Premier Eco-City Event Is Back For Its
3rd Annual Run This September 2011

Following the success of last year’s
conference, IBC Asia is delighted to announce this year’s 3rd Annual
Sustainable Cities event, which will take place from 27 – 30 September 2011 at
the Pan Pacific Hotel in Singapore.

The United Nations expects 16 out of 27
megacities in the world to be in Asia. The world’s population is currently more
than 6.8 billion, and will exceed 9 billion by 2050, according to UN estimates.
Most of those additional people will be born in cities.

With the majority of the world’s population
living in urban areas for the first time in history, the race is on to design
the perfect eco-city. At the same time, governments and businesses recognise
the critical need to revitalise their existing cities, and have introduced
policies to encourage, incentivise and finance the green retrofitting of these
cities.

With a central theme of “Building Liveable
Cities of the Future through Green Design and Good Governance”, the 3rd Annual
Sustainable Cities event aims to explore how good design and planning can
improve city management, drive economic growth, promote sustainable development
and deliver a better quality of life.

Leading industry players and experts will
come together in Singapore this September to examine key issues affecting
property development and the green business as Asia races to accommodate the
expected urban population boom.

The 3rd Annual installment of this premier
event will showcase sustainability trends that are shaping future cities, the
latest national and regional government policies and initiatives driving
sustainable city development, as well as how renewable energy, waste management
and water treatment solutions are transforming the way cities are designed,
built and managed.

The 2011 programme will feature award-winning
eco-city master planners and sustainability experts, including representatives
from the Greater London Authority, City of Sydney, Japan’s Ministry of Economy
Trade & Industry, the Land Transport Authority of Singapore, Skidmore,
Owings & Merrill, Arup, dwp and AEDAS.

Attendees at this year’s event will also be
among the first to hear findings from the International Eco-Cities Initiative’s
Eco-Cities 2011 Global Survey, which Lead Coordinator, Professor Simon Joss,
will deliver as part of his presentation on “Setting the Agenda for Current and
Future Eco-Cities”.

“Investing in the greener, more resilient
city of tomorrow is an essential insurance policy for a more disaster-prone
world. It is one of the smartest, most cost-effective investments we can make
in our common future.” – Ban Ki-Moon, United Nations Secretary-General

Boasting an international array of
sustainable city case studies, Sustainable Cities 2011 will provide access to
direct insights into green best practices and solutions for both new projects
and existing cities. Among the city highlights this year are London’s Low
Carbon Capital drive, Abu Dhabi’s Masdar – the world’s first Zero Carbon, Zero
Waster City, Japan’s Yokohama Smart City Initiative, Australia’s City of
Sydney, and the Chenjia Town Eco Community and Wanzhuang Eco-City projects in
China.

Urban design for tropical climates,
integrated transport systems and building liveable communities at higher
densities will also come under the spotlight through case studies on the BSD
City Green Office Park in Indonesia, Singapore’s experience with Sustainable
Land Transport Master Planning, as well as Vietnam’s Green Tech City and FPT
City projects.

Catering to the trend for regenerating
existing cities with green retrofitting and urban landscaping, this year’s
attendees will also have the option for more in-depth study on these topics
with a Special Focus Day featuring 2 dedicated master classes.

Special Offer for Sustain Ability Showcase
Asia Members:

Quote the VIP Code: P10445SAS10 to enjoy a
10% discount off the published rates.

The 3rd Annual Sustainable Cities 2011 this
27 – 30 September 2011 in Singapore will explore how good design and planning
can improve city management, drive economic growth, promote sustainable
development and deliver a better quality of life.

At Sustainable Cities 2011, leading industry
players and experts will examine key issues affecting property development and
the green business as Asia races to accommodate the expected urban population
boom.

Be among the first to hear findings from the
International Eco-Cities Initiative’s “Eco-Cities 2011 Global Survey” and
interact directly with representatives from award-winning cities and urban
planners, who will share their green best practices and solutions for new
projects and existing cities.

Play your part in building liveable cities of
the future through green design and good governance. Don’t miss this
opportunity to join national planning authorities, urban master planners, sustainability
experts, property developers, investors and financiers at the 3rd Annual
Sustainable Cities!

Source: www.ibc-asia.com

A call for ethics at all levels of the corporate world

Ken Hickson comments on the big questions about media behaviour in the UK and the Murdoch

“As we sit and watch Parliamentary enquiries on live TV and see Rupert Murdoch and son James put through the hoops by earnest MPs, and we learn day by day of further resignations and arrests, we can only wonder where this will lead to.

“Such behaviour by numerous journalists from more than one newspaper, who not only invade the privacy of innocent individuals, but also use all sorts of illegal means to gain incriminating evidence or gossip, is not to be condoned in any way whatsoever.

“Now you well ask, what this has to do with abc carbon express or Sustain Ability Showcase Asia (SASA).

“Sustainability is about more than helping the environment and committing to charitable causes. In a business sense, it involves corporate social responsibility, governance, ethics and transparency. It impacts on labour policies and trade practices. It means running the business in a sustainable way for the benefit of all stakeholders, not just major shareholders

“We need to see the corporate world, including media owners, committing to genuine sustainability – the four E’s of sustainability include economic, environment, energy and ethics – and setting some high standards in the boardrooms, offices, newsrooms, factories, as well as through their communications”.

Commentary from Ken Hickson:

As someone who has worked in the communications industry – media, publishing and public relations – for 49 years, I cannot but be horrified at the revelations in the on-going “hacking and denial” saga unfolding in the United Kingdom, involving Murdoch-owned News Corporation newspapers.

Of course, many will try to dismiss it as “quite normal” goings-on that are to be expected of the tabloids, also variably described as “gossip” and “gutter” press. But such behaviour by numerous journalists from more than one newspaper, who not only invade the privacy of innocent individuals, but also use all sorts of illegal means to gain incriminating evidence or gossip, is not be condoned in any way whatsoever.

And to learn that members of the police force have been bribed and private investigators paid to solicit all sort of unsavoury facts and fantasies, is beyond belief.

But as we sit and watch Parliamentary enquiries on live TV and see the Rupert Murdoch and son James put through the hoops by earnest MPs, and we learn day by day of further resignations and arrests, we can only wonder where this will lead to.

More press freedom or less? More resignations and arrests? The downfall of a media empire? More revelations of cosy relationships between politicians, police and media?

Media and public relations (PR) people – working for police, Government, business or media – have never enjoyed a guilt free existence or lily-white reputation.  But as someone who has worked in media – newspapers, radio, television, magazines and online – as well as in PR, I have often come to the defence of the professionalism and dedication of many fine men and women, who are doing their job – often in trying and tiring circumstances – to bring news, facts, comments, features and visuals to the general public.

There is now, obviously, a very large credibility gap which seems impossible to fill. But we have to remember not to lump every journalist in the same heap of “hacks”. (The uninitiated might be interested to know that journalists are often – amongst themselves – described as “hacks”, but whichever meaning of the word you take from the Oxford Dictionary, none refer to the disgusting practice of illegally “hacking” into private telephones, mobiles, computers and the like.)

We need to put this in perspective. We have all heard of unsavoury and illegal behaviour coming from various professionals. There have been rogue doctors, lawyers, accountants, bankers – even politicians. But we don’t put the whole profession in the “bad basket”.

So let’s hear it for the very professional and capable and ethical journalists and PR people. And let’s  expect – even encourage -  the authorities to deal very firmly and finally with those amongst them, whether they be in the media, Government services, legal profession, public relations or the police, for the crimes they have committed.

Now you well ask, what this has to do with abc carbon express or Sustain Ability Showcase Asia (SASA).

There is a connection – or a few actually:

• The News Corporation has been rated very highly for its commitment to deal with climate change. It was announced by Rupert Murdoch himself in May 2007 that the global empire would become carbon neutral by 2010. It achieved that and set some very good examples around the world. This received some very favourable mentions in my book “The ABC of Carbon”.
• Sustainability is about more than helping the environment and committing to charitable causes. In a business sense, it involves corporate social responsibility, governance, ethics and transparency. It impacts on labour policies and trade practices.  It means running the business in a sustainable way for the benefit of all stakeholders, not just shareholders. The Dow Jones Industrial Index measures performance in all these areas.
• A few years back I wrote an article for the Journal of Communication Management on Ethics, pointing out areas of importance for professional communicators: Cultural practices, Personal, Professional, Political, Religious & Racial, Trade & Business, Legal, Financial, Environmental, and Social.
• Recently, I gave a paper to the Sustainable Energy Association of Singapore on the four E’s of Sustainability – Environment, Economic, Ethics and Energy. This goes beyond the accepted triple bottom line, to give added emphasise energy and ethics as critical factors.

We need to see the corporate world, including media owners, committing to genuine sustainability – the four E’s of sustainability – and setting some high standards of ethical practice in the boardrooms, offices, factories, as well as through their communications.

This has added relevance, not only as I edit and produce an online newsletter – therefore I am “in the media” and consider myself a journalist (which is what I was trained to be many years ago) – but I also practice as a sustainability advisor and directly assist companies in the sustainability sector, which incorporates energy efficiency, carbon measurement, clean tech, clean energy, water and waste management.

This is all leading up to the fact that I am, once again, embarking on the business of running a public relations firm. Some will know that for many years in Singapore I started and ran a consultancy called Hickson Public Relations for many years, before selling it to the US firm, Fleishman Hillard.

In addition to my responsibility for SASA and its clients, as well as ABC Carbon and this newsletter, I will now take on a PR consultancy in Singapore. This came about through my contact over many years with a fellow long-time communications professional Tony Turner in Hong Kong.

Here’s the news:

Tony Turner, Chairman, Asia of the Racepoint Group announced that the Group has appointed PR veteran Ken Hickson to take over the management of the Singapore office of Racepoint, which previously operated as Professional Public Relations Singapore.

“We can see this as good for existing clients and staff, as well as a way to effectively grow the business in Singapore, where Ken has previously run a successful PR operation,” Mr Turner said.

Ken Hickson comes on board as Managing Director and with equity in the Singapore business.

The PR consultancy will continue with the Racepoint name and will remain affiliated to the Group, which has offices in Hong Kong, China, as well as the United States and Europe.

I will be taking this on as a going concern, including a small full-time team of experienced practitioners and an office in Chinatown, as well as being able to call on the added capability of communications professionals I know in Singapore and further afield.

I look forward to continuing to serve existing clients of Racepoint and SASA, as well as welcoming the opportunity to offer new clients a full range of PR and communication services.

Source: www.sustain-ability-showcase.com and www.abccarbon.com

The Good, the Bad & the Ugly

Waste reared its ugly head during Singapore International Water Week. But like most things in life on earth there is the good, the bad and the ugly whether we consider water, energy, climate, carbon or waste. What’s encouraging is that so much more time, effort and money is going into finding sustainable solutions to benefit mankind and the planet. We report on what’s happening in Singapore and globally from the Week’s events, as well as news of the formation of the Singapore Sustainability Alliance and plans for the first Waste Management and Environmental Technology event – or WasteMET Asia 2012 – to be co-located with the World Cities Summit and Water Week in Singapore first week of July 2012. So as not to appear too parochial, we also have the world covered, with views from the Washington Post on EPA and NOAA’s state of the climate report. Europe gets in the picture with moves to deal with traffic congestion, we hear what a famous Ford has to say and electric vehicles go on trial. How bad are set top boxes and what’s happening with biofuels in Australia? We get an update on the carbon tax from Giles Parkinson and veteran political commentator Barry Jones gives vent to his feelings. Now that Singapore gets back its railway land from Malaysia, there’s hope it will become a welcome green corridor and SGX calls for sustainable reporting. Which reminds us to remind you – don’t forget to send in your nomination for the 100 Global Sustain Ability Leaders’ quest. So it can’t be all bad! – Ken Hickson

Profile: Bill Ford

Sustainability is the biggest issue facing global business in the 21st century, according to Bill Ford. While breakthroughs like improved battery technology will likely provide a solution to the CO2 challenge, another issue – Global Gridlock – is quietly taking its place. So says the grandson of Henry Ford who is chairman of Ford Motor Company.

Why the world faces a massive traffic jam

By Bill Ford, Special to CNN

June 26, 2011 

 Sustainability is the biggest issue facing global business in the 21st century. While breakthroughs like improved battery technology will likely provide a solution to the CO2 challenge, another issue — “Global Gridlock” — is quietly taking its place.

Global gridlock can be defined by numbers. The world’s population is growing and is becoming more affluent. There are approximately 6.8 billion people in the world today. Within our lifetime, that number will approach 9 billion. Today, there are about 800 million vehicles on the road worldwide, but by mid-century that number could grow to between 2 and 4 billion.

If we continue to follow the personal mobility model that is now in place, the world’s roads are going to become too crowded. Commutes will become longer; traffic jams will become larger and more ubiquitous. Economic opportunity will be stifled. More time and resources will be squandered while people try to get from point A to point B. This all threatens the promises of both physical and social mobility, which in turn lessens opportunities to improve the world’s standards of living.

There’s no single answer to this new threat to our mobility, and it isn’t going to be solved by one person or group. It’s going to take corporations, entrepreneurs, NGOs, universities, governments and other interested parties all working together to build a global, interconnected system of transportation and mobility solutions. Smart businesses, entrepreneurs and venture capitalists will see this as a tremendous opportunity and a job creator.

Ford: A future beyond traffic gridlock If we continue to follow the personal mobility model that is now in place, the world’s roads are going to become too crowded.

We need to develop better mass transit systems and strive to find new forms of individual mobility. Cars will continue to evolve, but they will need to work in harmony with other cars, city infrastructure and other forms of transportation.

We need smart cars and smart infrastructure that communicate with each other while using real-time data to maximize their efficiency. We also need to tie in innovative and unique solutions that in their own way address global gridlock. Some of these solutions already are already being developed.

Masdar City is a carbon-neutral city in Abu Dhabi, being built from the ground up, where no internal combustion vehicles will be used within the city limits. People will get around on foot or bike above ground or with driverless pods beneath the city.

In Manhattan, 34th Street traffic will be managed better through dedicated bus lanes, private automobile restrictions, and optimally timed traffic lights. In cities across the United States, smart parking is already being enabled by phone applications that can alert drivers to parking spots — and even reserve them in advance. This will work to eliminate one of the largest contributors to inner-city gridlock: drivers trolling around for parking.

At Ford, we are rapidly expanding our commitment to intelligent cars that can wirelessly talk to each other to help make driving safer, more efficient and more enjoyable. We’re doubling our intelligent vehicle investment in 2011, and we’ve initiated a new 20-member task force of scientists and engineers to explore the technology’s broader possibilities.

Other automakers also are investing in related technologies. The goal is for all intelligent vehicles, one day, to be able to talk to each other, no matter what name is on the grille.

Just as we all embraced the green energy challenge, we must now start attacking global gridlock with the same passion. We are starting to make progress, but we’ve got a long way to go.

The opinions expressed in this commentary are solely those of the author.

Bill Ford is a car guy — his great-grandfather was Henry Ford, and he grew up inside the massive Ford Motor Co. So when he worries about cars’ impact on the environment, and about our growing global gridlock problem, it’s worth a listen. His vision for the future of mobility includes “smart roads,” even smarter public transport and going green like never before.

William Clay Ford Jr. is the executive chair of the Ford Motor Company, founded by his great-grandfather, Henry Ford, in Detroit. This massive company found great success selling cars to the world. Now, Ford is looking toward a future that’s not simply about selling more and more cars. Ford looks to a future where cars are greener and cleaner, move more efficiently on better, smarter road systems — and sometimes are replaced by mass transit and other forms of mobility.

Ford joined Ford Motor Company in 1979 as a product planning analyst.  He subsequently held a variety of positions in manufacturing, sales, marketing, product development and finance.  During the breakthrough 1982 Ford-United Auto Workers labor talks, which launched the employee involvement movement that revolutionized the industry, he served on the company’s National Bargaining Team.

Mr. Ford joined the Board of Directors in 1988 and has been its chairman since January 1999.  He serves as chairman of the board’s Finance Committee and as a member of the Sustainability Committee.  He also served as chief executive officer of the company from October 2001 to September 2006, when he was named executive chairman.

As CEO, Mr. Ford improved quality, lowered costs and delivered exciting new products.  During his time in that position he took the company from a $5.5 billion loss in 2001 to three straight years of profitability.  Through the years, his vision for the company has remained unchanged.

He says: “The ongoing success of Ford Motor Company is my life’s work. We want to have an even greater impact in our next 100 years than we did in our first 100.”

Source: www.ted.com

FORTUNE — For more than 30 years, Bill Ford, 54, has pushed his company and the auto industry to be more environmentally friendly. Soon after the great-grandson of Henry Ford first went to work in 1979, he was asked by Ford’s CEO to stop making nice with environmentalists because it was causing too much trouble. (Later Bill Ford got heat from the environmental community, especially in the 1990s, for building gas-guzzling SUVs.) Now the company’s executive chairman, Ford is seeing his efforts to make his company greener come to fruition this year with the global launch of a new series of battery-powered vehicles, including the all-electric Ford Focus. In this article Ford writes about the future of the electric car, the need for a more comprehensive U.S. energy policy, and how a network of cars connected by Wi-Fi technology will revolutionize the way we drive and even the way our cities are designed. –Brian Dumaine

Source: www.management.fortune.cnn.com

Big Benefits with Energy Cuts & Carbon Price

Energy Efficiency Opportunities report found that many of the most energy-intensive industries in Australia were finding they could reduce their energy consumption by 20% or more and get a return on their investment in less than two years. Giles Parkinson in Climate Spectator says there’s more: There is no doubt that delinking carbon and growth is the biggest structural shift in the global economy for decades, but most economies that already have a carbon price have achieved this decoupling with surprisingly little pain.

Giles Parkinson in Climate Spectator

1 July 2011

A few days after last year’s federal election, I welcomed the prospect that a hung parliament presented, for the first time in living memory, an opportunity to deal with the substantive policy issues that had been ignored in the preceding campaign.

The electorate, I suggested, had chosen well by not choosing at all. Sometime in the next week or two, as the Greens take their influential position in the Senate, and the negotiated agreement on a carbon price is finally unveiled, we will find out if that really was a choice well made.

The signs are that it will be. The fact that we are having a discussion at all about the carbon price is due to the leverage that the Greens and the country independents brought to the table. The benefits of a carbon price, that mysterious commodity that dared not be spoken of before the polls, are now self evident.

Energy Minister Martin Ferguson repeated the obvious on Thursday when he said it was clear that, without a carbon price, investment in the tens of billions of baseload energy that is required had stalled. And would continue to be so without one.

Treasurer Wayne Swan says Treasury modeling will show that the transition towards a low-carbon economy will occur at a modest cost, but having a carbon price will lay a path for emissions from the electricity sector to decrease by 60 per cent by 2050, rather than increasing by 60 per cent. “It is very difficult to imagine a first-rate economy in the future that hasn’t successfully made this transition,” he said.

There is no doubt that delinking carbon and growth is the biggest structural shift in the global economy for decades, but most economies that already have a carbon price have achieved this decoupling with surprisingly little pain.

In the UK, Energy and Climate Change Minister Chris Huhne said the UK economy had already cut its emissions by 28 per cent since 1990, while growing the economy by 48 per cent. “We would be mad to miss this boat,” he said in a speech on Wednesday night underlying the case for a “Green Deal;” increasing the country’s emissions reduction target to 50 per cent and grabbing a share of the green economy, which he estimates is already worth $5 trillion. “Turning our backs on the next global growth sector when the world’s economic dynamos are pursuing it so strongly would be economically suicidal.”

Some have protested that Australia should not act, or at least not introduce a carbon price, until the likes of the US and China have done the same. But Australia’s coal-fired generators should count themselves lucky. Some might even get paid to close down. In the US, where partisan politics has succeeded in blocking a market price and the administration has to resort to the hammer effect of regulation, about 60GW of coal-fired energy will be closed in the next five years without a single dollar in compensation .

As for sovereign risk, James Mackenzie, the chairman of the $1.5 billion Gloucester Coal, put it in some perspective on Thursday. “I was in London last week on a roadshow for Gloucester Coal, so I would have seen 20 institutional investors. There was not one grizzle about the carbon tax. Not one mention of it,” he said in comments reported in The Australian. “We are talking about $1-a-tonne in the coal industry.  We are all going to be operating in a carbon-constrained environment, therefore I applaud anyone who is dealing with the policy that needs to be put in place to operate in that environment.”

And it may not be so difficult as one might think. The annual results of the federal government’s Energy Efficiency Opportunities, released on Thursday, found that many of the most energy-intensive industries were finding they could reduce their energy consumption by 20 per cent or more and get a return on their investment in less than two years.

The EEO program, which involved 207 energy-intensive companies, identified energy savings equivalent to abating around 11 million tonnes of greenhouse emissions, and delivering a financial benefit of $1.2 billion.

Of these, just over half  “have been, are being or will be adopted” and would deliver abatement of around 6 million tonnes and financial benefits of around $700 million a year, or around $117 per tonne of CO2-e reduced.

That percentage of the identified savings that have actually been implemented broadly reflects the anticipated pay-back period, most of which would deliver a full pay-back within two years, and all but a small fraction within four years. The Department of Energy noted that a carbon price will clearly improve the economics and the motivation even further.

The department found that 18 per cent of the companies had identified savings of more than 20 per cent of their annual energy consumption, and a further 24 per cent had identified savings of more than 10 per cent. Most of the savings – in absolute and percentage terms – came from the oil and gas and metal manufacturing sectors.

Just as an example of what could be done, Australia’s three major car makers – Ford, Holden and Toyota – had implemented measures that would cut their energy use by 13.7 per cent. This came from things such as improved maintenance of compressed air system, and a reduction in unnecessary paint shop energy use during non-production periods and the subsequent use of compressor waste heat.

It is a small snapshot of what might be possible. But as Europe has discovered with its ETS, the price of abatement will likely end up cheaper than expected. That would be good news for Australia, because it has more catching up to do than just about any other developed economy.

Source: www.climatespectator.com.au

Investing in Sustainable Water Solutions

The journey towards water security “will always be a ‘work-in-progress’, as new challenges emerge in the urban environment”. This from Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam at the launch of Singapore International Water Week when an extra S$140 million was committed to water research, as cities around the world contend with issues such as weather extremities in the context of urbanisation, increasing water demand and higher public expectations.

For more reports on Singapore International Water Week go to www.siww.com.sg

Jessica Cheam in Straits Times (5 July 2011):

Singapore has pumped fresh money into local water research to keep its edge as the leader in water technologies.

Deputy Prime Minister Tharman Shanmugaratnam on Monday announced that the National Research Foundation (NRF) will allocate another $140 million to promote research and development (R&D) in the water sector and to convert these ideas into practical water solutions.

Such investments are “imperative”, he said, “even if this means taking a long-term view, as the gestation periods can be long before the pay-offs to new technologies are realised”.

Speaking at the opening ceremony of the Singapore International Water Week, Mr Tharman shared with a 1,800-strong audience that the journey towards water security “will always be a ‘work-in-progress’ for Singapore, as new challenges emerge in the urban environment”.

These challenges are not unique to Singapore, he added, as cities around the world “will have to contend with issues such as weather extremities in the context of urbanisation, increasing water demand and higher public expectations”.

His comments come as Singapore has been experiencing flash floods across the island recently, which have caused traffic snarls and damage to properties worth millions of dollars. A panel of experts has since been set up to review Singapore’s drainage system and flood-prevention measures.

The new funds announced yesterday brings the total R&D budget for the water sector to $470 million.  In 2006, when the NRF was set up with a five-year $5 billion budget, it had set aside $330 million for water research.

Last year, the NRF received a $16.1 billion top up for research, innovation and enterprise under the Singapore Government’s recently heightened R&D push.

With these fresh investments, Mr Tharman said Singapore is hopeful that it will hit its goal of growing the economic contribution from the water sector from $500 million in 2003 to $1.7 billion by 2015. It also hopes for a doubling of jobs to 11,000 in the industry by then.

The NRF will allocate the funds to the Environment and Water Industry programme office, which was set up to convert research ideas into commercial water solutions.

Mr Tharman noted that under the NRF’s initiatives, some water projects funded include research into advanced membrane processes, bio-mimicry (technologies that mimic nature) and low-energy seawater deslination.

Mr Tharman told industry leaders at the four-day conference that collectively, the water community can surmount present challenges by improving on three areas.

The first is investment in technology and R&D. Secondly, cities can look at the challenges as opportunities to rejuvenate urban living, he said. He cited the Delta Programme in the Netherlands which acquires land for the temporary storage of excess river water. This doubles as parkland for recreational activities for most of the time when it is dry.

Singapore’s Active, Beautiful, Clean or ABC Waters programme – driven by national water agency PUB –  is a similar initiative which transforms “utilitarian drains and canals into beautiful and vibrant rivers and streams,” he said.

Thirdly, the industry needs closer collaboration between the public sector, academic and private firms, he said. One example is the Singapore-Delft Water Alliance set up in 2007 by the National University of Singapore, consultancy firm Deltares and PUB, which aims to develop solutions for the urban water cycle.

To date, there are 23 water research centres in Singapore set up by top industry firms such as Siemens and GE Water, he noted.

“By working across boundaries… we can potentially fast-track the development of solutions at a lower total cost, and make the challenge less daunting for everyone,” he said.

Earlier in the day, Environment Minister Vivian Balakrishnan told the Southeast Asia Water Ministers Forum that issues of water management have become increasingly important across Southeast Asia as it is particularly vulnerable to extreme weather events, due to their extensive and heavily populated coastlines.

“(The) forum is a stepping stone towards greater commitment in resolving some of these issues,” he said.

Source: www.sggreendrinks.wordpress.com

Business Times (7 July 2011):

Water and energy are inextricably linked and solutions to manage their scarcity ought to be better coordinated, industry leaders at the Water Leaders Summit yesterday said.

‘There is a growing realisation that we can no longer think about energy and water separately,’ said Peter Gleick, president of the Pacific Institute, California.

He explained how it used to be believed that to cut dependence on imported oil, countries should look to biofuels to produce their own energy. But that led to water constraints and changes in food prices – implications beyond energy production.

‘The good news is that integrating energy, water and even food and climate policies, can yield much benefit,’ Dr Gleick said. He was part of the Water Leaders Roundtable yesterday, attended by more than 550 participants.

McKinsey & Company director Andrew Grant too, believes that the unprecedented pace of urbanisation brings ‘planning opportunities for joint development of urban water and energy solutions’ that has ‘never been seen before’, encouraging deeper private sector engagement too.

Siemens Water Technologies CEO Lukas Loeffler said that Siemens’ R&D innovations, based on future scenarios, include ones exploring the possibilities of integrating desalination and solar energy. And the use of dry cooling systems in oil refineries can be another means of bridging the water-energy nexus, said Alex Zehnder, director of the Alberta Water Research Institute.

Even in Saudi Arabia, where water is scarce and fuel plentiful, the fact that fuel is still finite drives regulation holding water players to certain standards of energy efficiency, said Thamer S Al-Sharhan, president & CEO, Marafiq Power and Water Utility Company.

Wrapping up the summit, Minister for the Environment and Water Resources Vivian Balakrishnan, too, stressed integration of water and energy solutions. Singapore’s new Tuaspring desalination plant, being built by Hyflux, will be co-located with a combined cycle gas turbine power plant, raising energy efficiency and cutting costs, he said.

And, large scale public private partnerships, such as this one, are examples of another form of integration – that between the public and private sector’s expertise and effort, Dr Balakrishnan said.

‘As far as policy is concerned, I have the strong impression that people know what to do, the key problem is the politics of implementation,’ he said. Singapore has had the ‘political luxury of rational decision making’ in shaping water policies, a key element of which has been to price water at its true cost.

It is crucial to exploit new technologies too, and Singapore will continue to ‘test-bed new technologies’, said Dr Balakrishnan.

Agreeing with one participant’s concern over the paucity of shared data, he added that the Singapore government is making datasets available on the data.gov.sg portal for the private sector to create new applications, sieve out new insights, and churn out solutions.

Source: www.greenbusinesstimes.com

It Gets Worse Before it Gets Better

If you needed confirmation, here it is: Worldwide, 2010 was one of the two warmest years on record according to the 2010 State of the Climate report, which NOAA released. The peer-reviewed report, issued in coordination with the American Meteorological Society, was compiled by 368 scientists from 45 countries. And no surprise: Major greenhouse gas concentrations continued to rise. Carbon dioxide increased by 2.60 ppm, which is more than the average annual increase seen from 1980-2010.

June 27, 2011

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s State of the Climate in 2010

Worldwide, 2010 was one of the two warmest years on record according to the 2010 State of the Climate report, which NOAA released. The peer-reviewed report, issued in coordination with the American Meteorological Society, was compiled by 368 scientists from 45 countries. It provides a detailed, yearly update on global climate indicators, notable climate events and other climate information from every continent.

This year’s report tracks 41 climate indicators ― four more than last year ― including temperature of the lower and upper atmosphere, precipitation, greenhouse gases, humidity, cloud cover, ocean temperature and salinity, sea ice, glaciers, and snow cover. Each indicator includes thousands of measurements from multiple independent datasets that allow scientists to identify overall trends.  

While several well-known cyclical weather patterns had a significant influence on weather and climate events throughout the year, the comprehensive analysis of indicators shows a continuation of the long-term trends scientists have seen over the last 50 years, consistent with global climate change.

“We’re continuing to closely track these indicators because it is quite clear that the climate of the past cannot be assumed to represent the climate of the future. These indicators are vital for understanding and making reliable projections of future climate,” said Thomas R. Karl, L.H.D, director of NOAA’s National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, N.C.

Last year was marked by important climate oscillations like the El Niño-Southern Oscillation and the Arctic Oscillation, which affected regional climates and contributed to many of the world’s significant weather events in 2010.

Highlights of some of the climate indicators include:

•Temperature: Three major independent datasets show 2010 as one of the two warmest years since official record-keeping began in the late 19th century. Annual average temperatures in the Arctic continued to rise at about twice the rate of the lower latitudes.

•Sea Ice & Glaciers: Arctic sea ice shrank to the third smallest area on record, and the Greenland ice sheet melted at the highest rate since at least 1958. The Greenland ice sheet melt area was approximately 8 percent more than the previous record set in 2007. Alpine glaciers shrank for the 20th consecutive year. Meanwhile, average sea ice extent in the Antarctic grew to an all-time record maximum in 2010.

•Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Level: Even with a moderate-to-strong La Niña in place during the latter half of the year, which is associated with cooler equatorial waters in the tropical Pacific, the  2010 average global sea surface temperature was third warmest on record and sea level continued to rise.

•Ocean Salinity: Oceans were saltier than average in areas of high evaporation and fresher than average in areas of high precipitation, suggesting that the water cycle is intensifying.

•Greenhouse Gases:  Major greenhouse gas concentrations continued to rise. Carbon dioxide increased by 2.60 ppm, which is more than the average annual increase seen from 1980-2010.

Several major cyclical weather patterns played a key role in weather and climate in 2010:

•El Niño-Southern Oscillation:  A strong warm El Niño climate pattern at the beginning of 2010 transitioned to a cool La Niña by July, contributing to some unusual weather patterns around the world and impacting global regions in different ways. Tropical cyclone activity was below normal in nearly all basins around the globe, especially in much of the Pacific Ocean. The Atlantic basin was the exception, with near-record high North Atlantic basin hurricane activity. Heavy rains led to a record wet spring (September – November) in Australia, ending a decade-long drought.

•Arctic Oscillation:  In its negative phase for most of 2010, the Arctic Oscillation affected large parts of the Northern Hemisphere causing frigid arctic air to plunge southward and warm air to surge northward. Canada had its warmest year on record while Britain had its coldest winter at the beginning of the year and coldest December at the end of the year. The Arctic Oscillation reached its most negative value in February, the same month several cities along the U.S. East Coast had their snowiest months ever.

•Southern Annular Mode:  An atmospheric pattern related to the strength and persistence of the storm track circling the Southern Hemisphere and the Antarctic led to an all-time maximum in 2010 of average sea ice volume in the Antarctic.

The State of the Climate report is peer-reviewed and published annually as a special supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. The 2010 report is edited by J. Blunden, D.S. Arndt, and M.O. Baringer. The full report and a highlights document are available online.

Source: www.noaanews.noaa.gov

Washington Post asks: Will US ever get an effective climate policy?

Since the Republicans took control of US Congress, Republican lawmakers have repeatedly attempted to derail rules on the greenhouse gases that cause climate change, as well as new restrictions on conventional air pollutants that the EPA has regulated for decades. Instead of blasting the EPA, Congress could craft climate policy that is both more efficient and more effective — upping energy research budgets and putting a price on carbon. The Washington Post fears that won’t happen anytime soon.

Washington Post Editorial Board Opinion

By Editorial, Sunday, July 3, 7:15 AM

Practically every day on the campaign trail, Republican presidential hopefuls blast President Obama’s “job-killing regulations.” Atop their list are rules from the Environmental Protection Agency, one of which the EPA will finalize this week.

The would-be presidents aren’t alone. Since the Republicans took control of Congress, GOP lawmakers have repeatedly attempted to derail rules on the greenhouse gases that cause climate change, as well as new restrictions on conventional air pollutants that the EPA has regulated for decades — gases and particulates that contribute to asthma, heart attacks and other health problems. Republicans on the House Energy and Commerce Committee have announced that they will introduce a bill in August designed to roll back pending regulations on toxic air pollutants from utilities and industrial boilers.

Yet predictions of EPA-induced disaster are wildly overblown, at best.

Government released a study on greenhouse gas regulation last month, finding that the first phase of the EPA’s efforts will cost little and produce little in terms of emissions reductions, since power plants are becoming more efficient and therefore producing fewer emissions anyway. Bloomberg found that forthcoming greenhouse gas rules might be tougher, but that, among other things, utilities will respond by simply burning more cheap natural gas instead of coal.

Meanwhile, the Center for American Progress pointed out that many coal power plants — the sort of facilities that an EPA crackdown on toxic air pollutants such as mercury would affect — already have relevant pollution control technologies installed or in construction. And dozens of those that don’t are old, inefficient, rarely used and, in many cases, slated for closure. Last year a Credit Suisse study found that EPA anti-air-pollution rules might encourage some additional coal plants to shut down — but that the closures would actually help utilities in oversupplied power markets, not to mention improving ambient air quality.

There will, of course, be costs. But there will also be benefits. The EPA asserts that for every dollar spent on measures to cut particulate and ozone pollution, there will be $30 in economic benefits to public health — fewer sick days taken, fewer chronic illnesses, fewer early deaths. On greenhouse gases, a fair reading of the EPA’s new air pollution rules suggests that, if anything, they won’t do nearly enough to address the risks associated with climate change, perhaps cutting emissions a few percentage points relative to business as usual. And since the EPA is using an old statute to tackle carbon emissions, which it hasn’t done before, its effort to do even that will be subject to years of legal challenges.

Instead of blasting the EPA, Congress could craft climate policy that is both more efficient and more effective — upping energy research budgets and putting a price on carbon. But, judging from the rhetoric on the campaign trail and in the House, we aren’t optimistic that will happen anytime soon.

Source: www.washingtonpost.com

Sustainability Reporting Desirable but not Compulsory

In a significant move, the Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) has released a how-to guide so firms can prepare ‘sustainability reports’ that show how they are reducing carbon emissions or improving labour relations, believing an increased emphasis on a firm’s impact on the environment and society will help the community and give companies a leg-up for long-term growth. It wants all listed companies to release such reports but is not making it compulsory.

Jonathan Kwok in Straits Times (28 June 2011):

THE Singapore Stock Exchange (SGX) has released a how-to guide so firms can prepare ‘sustainability reports’ that show how they are reducing carbon emissions or improving labour relations.

The SGX believes an increased emphasis on a firm’s impact on the environment and society will help the community and give companies a leg-up for long-term growth. It wants all listed companies to release such reports but is not making it compulsory.

Some companies, including Olam International, Wilmar International, City Developments, Hyflux, Sembcorp Industries and Keppel Corp, already produce such reports.

The SGX is encouraging firms in industries that significantly impact the environment and local communities – such as agriculture, forestry, mining, energy and shipping – to issue the reports.

Investors pay a lot of attention to sustainability reporting, said SGX chief executive Magnus Bocker.

Responsible investing – which uses strategies that seek to achieve social good as well as financial returns – may be a niche in Asia-Pacific, but the field is growing rapidly, he noted.

Mr Bocker quoted estimates from asset manager Robeco Group and consulting firm Booz & Company, stating that responsible investments will make up between 15 per cent and 20 per cent of all assets under management worldwide in less than five years.

‘Since 2003, responsible investment has grown by 22 per cent (per year), in terms of assets under management, compared to assets under management generally growing by 10 per cent,’ said Mr Bocker. ‘Responsible investors’ will be a major group that will be evaluating businesses in the years to come, he added.

Dr Vivian Balakrishnan, Minister for the Environment and Water Resources, was at yesterday’s launch of the guidelines.

He said the shift to sustainable production and development will offer significant cost savings to firms in the form of energy efficiency, waste reduction, increased recycling and higher productivity from a more engaged workforce.

‘All these translate, in very real terms, into improvements in companies’ performance and ultimately the bottom line,’ said Dr Balakrishnan. He added that sustainable practices and reporting will also help firms to build up their brands.

There has been an increasing focus in the region on corporate social responsibility practices. In 2007, Malaysia legislated that all companies listed on Bursa Malaysia must report on their social responsibility efforts, including the impact of their businesses on the environment.

What is involved

SUSTAINABLE reporting involves a firm disclosing aspects such as labour practices, policies on issues like corruption, diversity and what action it takes if one of its products causes injury.

The company should also report its steps taken to cut greenhouse emissions and energy use, and its management systems for the environment and biodiversity. Firms should record their progress in these areas against stated goals and industry benchmarks.

The SGX is particularly encouraging firms in industries that significantly impact the environment and local communities to undertake sustainability reporting.

These include those in agriculture, air transport, chemicals and pharmaceuticals, construction, food and beverages, forestry, mining, oil and gas, shipping and water.

Firms are encouraged to adopt globally accepted frameworks, such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) Sustainability Reporting Guidelines. They can also use guidelines specific to their industries.

Sustainability reports may be verified independently by external assurance providers. Companies can embed sustainability reporting in their annual reports or produce standalone reports.

They can make timely announcements via the SGX website.

Source: www.singaporelawwatch.sg